INRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY

 


INTRODUCTION

When Introducing word philosophy which is a Greek word and it means “Love of Wisdom” In a broad sense, we can define philosophy as “an activity people undertake when they seek to understand fundamental truths for their own problems, such as; about themselves, about the world in which they live, about their cultures and relationships. Philosophy was begun in the 17th and 18th centuries and Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Descartes, Loke, Hume, Kant were some philosophers in the past. These philosophers were made some philosophical arguments under several areas such as Philosophy of Law, Philosophy of Religion, Philosophy of Art, Philosophy of Science

“The unexamined life is not worth living” 

– Socrates


Arms of philosophy

Philosophy can be categorized under some categories. Those can be known as “Branches of Philosophy.” Those are;

  • Metaphysics
  • Epistemology
  • Logic
  •  Ethics
  • Aesthetics

Branches of Philosophy


1. Metaphysics 

Metaphysics is a field of philosophy that is generally focused on how reality and the universe began.

“I suppose therefore that all things I see are illusions; I believe that nothing has ever existed of everything my lying memory tells me. I think I have no senses. I believe that body, shape, extension, motion, location are functions. What is there then that can be taken as true? Perhaps only this one thing, that nothing at all is certain.”

― Rene Descartes

An example of metaphysics is a study of God versus the Big Bang theory but same time philosophers say that metaphysics is the study of the ultimate nature of the universe.

  •  ontology
  •  theology
  •  universal science

2. Epistemology 

Epistemology is the philosophical study of the nature, origin, and limits of human knowledge. The term is derived from the Greek episteme (knowledge) and logos(reason), and accordingly, the field is sometimes referred to as the theory of knowledge.

3. Ethics

Ethics are the questioning about “what is good and right.” Ethics are an attempt to answering the questions like,

  • What is good?
  • what makes people or actions good?
  • what is right?
  • And what makes actions right?”

Ethics, also called moral philosophy, the discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong. The term is also applied to any system or theory of moral values or principles.


4. Logic

When there was an argument or a question by people, philosophers employ logic to study the nature and the structure of the argument. Philosophy is based on reasoning, and logic is the study of what makes a sound argument, and also of the kind of mistakes we can make in reasoning.

5. Aesthetics

Philosophers believe learning what a certain group or culture finds aesthetically pleasing can help us better understand what they value, how they interact with each other, and make decisions. They are interested in learning more about the relation between aesthetic appreciation and our emotional response.


Ref


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Network Intrusion Detection

Image
  Introduction At the moment we will deal with the "Network Intrusion Detection" subject. The objective of this assignment is finding computer network attacks are normal or anomalous with some features. Here, we begin with a Kaggle dataset. The "Network Intrusion Detection" dataset ( https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/sampadab17/network-intrusion-detection) is a collection of network traffic data that can be used to detect and classify unauthorized or malicious activities within a computer network. Binary classification refers to the task of categorizing instances into one of two classes, in this case, normal or intrusive network traffic.   Data preparation Data preparation is an essential step in the machine learning process to ensure that the data is in a suitable format for analysis. Here are some common data preparation steps we are follow for binary classification using the "Network Intrusion Detection" dataset : Load the Dataset: Start by loa
Read more

METHOD WE USE WITH EVIDENCE AND OBSERVATIONS

Image
 Science is the study of the behavior and nature of things and the knowledge that we can obtain about them. Simply, it is a tool that use to understand the natural world. What I mentioned as natural here is all that we can observe with our senses. Science is concerned with testable knowledge of the universe's physical events. The objective of science is to figure out how the universe works. Biology is concerned with the study of living things. Biology is a scientific branch concerned with the study of living creatures. Chemistry is a branch of science concerned with the study of atoms and molecules. Natural sciences and social and behavioral sciences are the two main fields of science. Scientists use a method called "scientific inquiry" to learn more and to gain knowledge about nature and physical events. SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Science can be defined as learning or understanding new things or understanding or exploring things. Inquiry means asking about information or investi
Read more

KNOWLEDGE THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF PHILOSOPHY

Image
  INTRODUCTION Perception is the sensory experience of our surrounding environment. In broad, perception can be defined as organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the environment. This is a process of physical or chemical stimulation of the sense orange by involving the signals in the nervous system. For example, when the light striking the retina of the eye it makes vision, hearing involves pressure waves. But the perception is not the passive receipt of these above signals. It is shaped by learning, memory, expectations, and attention. This is to show we organize the elements in our brain. Firstly, we select the item to attend to and block out most of everything else in the surround. Yes! It is our brain’s way of focusing on the task to give it our attention. In this case, we have chosen to attend to the image. Then, we organize the elements in our brain.  For this picture, there might some individuals who will see
Read more