Philosophy of Science

P ositivism is the state of being confident of something. An example of positivism is a Christian being absolutely certain there is a God. The quality or state of being positive; certainty; assurance. Pragmatism is a way of dealing with problems or situations that focus on practical approaches and solutions that will work in practice, as opposed to being ideal in theory. Constructivism is based on the idea that people actively construct or make their own knowledge, and that reality is determined by your experiences as a learner. Basically, learners use their previous knowledge as a foundation and build on it with new things that they learn. POSITIVISM The basic affirmations of positivism are that all knowledge regarding matters of fact is based on the “positive” data of experience and that beyond the realm of fact is that of pure logic and pure mathematics. Those two disciplines were already recognized by the 18th-century Scottish empiricist and skeptic David Hume as concerned merely w...

  Our feminism is rooted in intersectionality. We recognize that women are not a monolith and experience multiple, overlapping sources of oppression. The struggle for women’s rights is deeply impacted by and connected to the struggles for racial justice, queer justice,  immigration justice, climate justice, and so many more. Gender Justice is indispensable for  development, poverty reduction, and is crucial to  achieving human progress Gender Justice For us, the term “gender justice” best signifies our intersectional approach that centers on the diverse needs, experiences, and leadership of people most impacted by discrimination and oppression. This approach helps achieve both equity (equal distribution of resources, access, and opportunities) and equality (equal outcomes for all). Within the context of population and development programs, gender equality is critical because it will enable women and men to make decisions that impact more positively on their own sexua...